Depending on the response to Benazepril RAAS inhibitor clopidogrel. Methods Patients The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University t of Indiana for research purposes. A Einverst Ndniserkl Tion was obtained from all subjects. Subjects were allowed to be written, if they were found to have obstructive coronary artery disease on cardiac catheterization, and when they return U is an initial dose of 600 mg clopidogrel in percutaneous coronary intervention. Subjects were excluded if they changes a history of drug or alcohol abuse, pregnancy, Blutungsst, Platelet count below 150,000 / mm3, myeloproliferative and myelodysplastic disorders, coumadin use, chronic liver disease had, even if glycoprotein IIb / IIIa antagonist use w during planned PCI. A blood test blood samples from the base was arterial sheath before administration of the loading dose of clopidogrel and heparin or bivalirudin in patients not previously exposed to receive clopidogrel. tive peripheral sen blood samples were drawn 16 24 hours after the administration of clopidogrel. 16 hours 24 sample was used to determine the final platelet aggregation ontreatment used for the prime Re analysis of platelet aggregation with clopidogrel. All blood samples Etoposide SRC inhibitor directly into Vacutainer R were Hrchen with 3.2% sodium citrate are transmitted and analyzed within 2 hours. Platelet aggregation ex vivo studies of platelet function was evaluated by light transmission aggregometry at 37 with an optical aggregometer Lumi. Blutpl Ttchen rich plasma and Blutpl Ttchen poor plasma were recovered by differential centrifugation as described above. Platelet aggregation in PRP was induced with adenosine diphosphate and TRAP at 20 M, Sigma-Aldrich, MO, USA at 15 and 25 M final concentration. With the intention of either the effect of PAR 1 stimulation was TRAP as an agonist of platelet aggregation in place of thrombin by the general difficulty with the cleavage of fibrinogen by thrombin and formation by weight Hlt additionally USEFUL clot when used in the light of the protocols aggregometry . The choice of the trap concentrations was used in the test are based on reports from earlier studies. Gremmel et al. studied the value of the trap in the determination of the baseline Imiquimod platelet aggregation necessary treatment for the calculation of the% inhibition of platelet aggregation in patients with clopidogrel, and uses a concentration of 25 M TRAP due to induction of platelet aggregation foreseeable maximum. We have a lower dose of TRAP 15 million, to reach a just-maximal response, while maintaining irreversible platelet aggregation above the EC50 concentration of PAR-1. Genomic DNA was isolated from whole blood genotyping using Qiagen QIAamp DNA Blood s ® Midi kit. The subjects were for SNP genotyping CYP2C192 andCYP2C193 with a Bio-Rad Laboratories, real-time PCR system. Primer-specific sequences were used to alleles of interest reinforcing strengths, And two allele-specific TaqMan probes. The allelic discrimination was used to determine individual genotypes. Statistical analysis Statistical significance was defined as pb0.05. The tests were performed on two sides and the values are represented as meanSD, unless otherwise indicated. Categorical variables were χ with the 2 test. Normal distribution of continuous data was assessed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test.
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