A number of 40 adult specimens of P. lineatus (500–800 g) were obtained from a commercial fish farm (Paulo Lopes City, Santa Catarina State, Brazil; http://www.pisciculturapanama.com.br) and
maintained collectively in 3.000 l water tank with dechlorinated tap water for a period of 3–4 weeks before hepatocytes isolation. Constant aeration was performed by submerged pumps and food was supplied through commercial pelleted fish food (Supra Acqua Line®, 28% of protein) twice a week. Fishes were anesthetized with benzocaine (200 ppm in water), injected Ruxolitinib clinical trial with 0.5 ml of heparin (5000 U l−1) through the caudal vein and maintained during 5 min in dechlorinated water; then, fishes were anesthetized again and killed by spinal cord section for liver removal. The liver was kept in phosphate buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.6, 4 °C) supplemented with amphotericin-B (25 μg l−1), streptomycin (100 μg ml−1) and penicillin
(100 U ml−1) during 10 min for antibiotic shock and perfused through the portal vein and arterial system with ice-cold PBS-EDTA solution (2 mM EDTA, 1.0 g l−1d-glucose in phosphate buffered saline – PBS, pH 7.6) for blood removal. After perfusion, the liver was aseptically minced with stainless steel blades in PBS containing dispase (1.0 U l−1) and 1.0 g l−1d-glucose, and incubated for 3 h (30 °C) for the hepatocytes dissociation. The cell suspension was forced through a stainless-steel mesh (60–60 mesh) for additional mechanical click here disruption. Cells were collected, centrifuged at low speed (100–120 g,
3–5 min), washed four times with PBS for debris removal and suspended to a density of 1.0 × 106 cells per ml in RPMI 1640 medium (2.0 g l−1d-glucose, pH 7.6) supplemented selleck with NaHCO3 (25 mM), human insulin (0.1 U ml−1), gentamycin (40 mg l−1), streptomycin (10 μg ml-1), penicillin (10 U ml−1), amphotericin-B (2.5 μg l−1) and fetal bovine serum (5% v.v−1). Finally, 2.0 × 105 and 1.0 × 106 cells (viability ⩾97%) were, respectively, seeded onto 96- and 24-well microplates (TTP® or Biofil®) and kept at 24 °C in a CO2 incubator (1.7% of pCO2). For each cell culture, a pool of cells from three fishes was utilized. Before establishing this protocol, non-enzymatic dissociation and several enzymatic digestions were tested: EDTA (2 mM in PBS), trypsin–EDTA (0.05% tripsin, 2 mM EDTA in PBS), pancreatin (0.25% in PBS, 30 min, room temperature), collagenase IV (0.25 U ml−1 in PBS, 30 min, 30 °C), collagenase IV (0.15 U ml−1 in PBS) associated with dispase (0.5 U ml−1 in PBS, 30 min, 30 °C), and dispase (1 U l−1 in PBS, 30 min, 30 °C).
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