Analysis of the 49 ftsI alleles in the current study identified 14 clusters (Figure 2). PBP3 types A, B and D were confined to distinct clusters (lambda, zeta and omicron), all highly divergent from the reference sequence. Type A was encoded by three closely
related alleles (cluster lambda) whereas types B (zeta) and D (omicron) showed no allelic diversity. Several clusters encompassed more than one PBP3 type, but only type J appeared in more than one cluster (eta and delta). The lambda-1 and zeta alleles, encoding PBP3 types A and B, respectively, were highly prevalent in both sampling periods. Serotypes and phylogeny Except for two serotype f (Hif) ear and respiratory tract isolates, all study isolates Navitoclax purchase were nontypeable. The 196 isolates represented 70 STs; hereunder 15 novel (ST1190 through ST1204, represented by one isolate each) (Figure 3). Eight STs had >5 representatives and GW786034 mouse accounted for 54% (105/196) of the isolates (Table 5). By eBURST analysis, the STs were grouped into 39 clonal complexes (CC) and three singletons. Table 5 Frequencies of beta-lactam resistance and clinical characteristics of study isolates according to STs rPBP3a Bla b Proportions (%) of isolates and patientsc STs n n % n % Anatomical sites Age groups Hospitalizedd Eye Ear Respiratory 0-3 ≥50 ST367 29 29 100 0 0 17 17 59 28 34 28 ST396 16 16 100 5 31 56 e 6 38 81 f 13 38 ST201 15 15 100
0 0 53 e 0 47 47 27 47 ST159 12 1 8 0 0 8 8 75 33 42 50 ST14 11 11 100 1 9 18 0 73 64 9 55 ST12 8 7 88 0 0 50 13 38 38 13 25 ST395 8 0 0 0 0 63 e 0 25 63 25 0 ST57 6 4 67 3 50 33 17 50 83 17 33 Other STs 91 33 36 7 8 19 16 60 58 19 25 All STs 196 116 59 16 8 27 12 56 46 22 31 aPBP3-mediated resistance (see Table 1). bBeta-lactamase positive (all TEM-1). cProportions for each ST were compared with the proportions for other STs (e.g. ST396 versus non-ST396) using Selleck CCI-779 Fisher’s exact test. Characteristics significantly more prevalent in particular STs are indicated (bold). dProportions of patients hospitalized
at the time of sampling. ep < 0.05. fp = 0.004. Direct assessment of phylogroup was possible for 32 STs (accounting for 129 isolates) and indirect assignment was possible for 30 STs (55 isolates). Eight STs (12 isolates) could not be assigned to a phylogroup. Ten out of 14 recognized phylogroups [32] Vasopressin Receptor were represented, and 69% of the isolates belonged to Clade 13 (n = 59), eBURST group 2 (n = 50) and Clade 9 (n = 26). The two Hif isolates (sPBP3, ST124) were in Clade 2. The S-group was more diverse than the R-group and differed phylogenetically: fifteen STs were represented among 19 S-group isolates, with only one, ST159, being among the eight most frequent STs overall (Table 5). Two major R-group phylogroups (eBURST group 2 and Clade 
were absent from the S-group. Eight PFGE clusters of >5 isolates were identified, with Dice coefficients of clustering between 71% and 76% (Figure 4).
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