Copper proteins have diverse roles in biological electron transport
and oxygen transportation, processes that exploit the easy interconversion of Cu(I) and Cu(II).1 In the field of bioinorganic chemistry, the development of reagents selleck screening library that can specifically recognize and cleave DNA under physiological conditions via oxidative and hydrolytic mechanisms has been attracting a great interest.2, 3 and 4 In DNA strand scission chemistry, the intermediates responsible for DNA cleavage, active oxygen species, particularly the hydroxyl radical and perhaps their adducts with metal complexes, have been directly or indirectly demonstrated.5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 A number of metal complexes have been reported as anticancer agents in the literature; however, copper, iron, cobalt and nickel complexes are also regarded as promising alternatives to platinum complexes, particularly biocompatible copper(II) complexes
that bind selleck and cleave both DNA and protein under physiological conditions and on the use of these synthetic nucleases and proteases for potential anticancer drug development. Copper complexes, which possess biologically accessible redox potentials and demonstrate high nucleobase affinity, are potential reagents for cleavage of biomolecules. Sadler and co-workers have reported mixed ligand bis(salicylato)copper(II) complexes with diimines as co-ligands exhibit cytotoxic and antiviral activities.11 Very recently, Reedijk and co-workers
have reported [CuII(pyrimol)Cl] complex, which shows efficient self-activated DNA cleavage and cytotoxic effects on 11210 murine leukaemia and A2780 human ovarian carcinoma cell lines. The biological studies of metal complexes highlighted the potential of antioxidant activity of copper(II) complex with bioactive ligand.12 and 13 In the present work, we synthesized and characterized a copper(II) complex of the ligand 1-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-N-(tetrahydrofuran-2-ylmethyl)methanamine and also the DNA cleavage and in vitro-antioxidant activities were explored. The synthetic route for the present complex is shown in Scheme 1. 1-(tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methanamine, copper(II) chloride, agarose (molecular biology grade) and ethidium bromide were procured from Sigma Aldrich, USA and used as received. Other materials like sodium borohydride and solvents like methanol, about acetonitrile and dichloromethane were of reagent grade. Benzimidazole carbaldehyde was prepared using published procedure.14 Buffers were prepared using deionised and sonicated triple distilled water. Tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane–HCl (Tris–HCl) buffer (pH, 7.2) was used for DNA cleavage studies. UV–visible spectrum of the complex was recorded on a Perkin–Elmer Lambda 35 double beam spectrophotometer at 25 °C. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum of the copper(II) complex was obtained on a Varian E 112 EPR spectrometer.
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