I(2)Rs are associated with depression, Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. A few positron emission tomography (PET) probes for I(2)Rs have been synthesized, but a selective PET probe has not been
evaluated for the imaging of I(2)Rs by PET. We labeled a selective I2R ligand 2-(3-fluoro-4-tolyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole (FTIMD) with C-11 and performed the first PF-562271 order imaging of I(2)Rs by PET using 2-(3-fluoro-[4-C-11]tolyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole ([C-11]FTIMD).
Methods: [C-11]FTIMD was prepared by a palladium-promoted cross-coupling reaction of the tributylstannyl precursor and [C-11]methyl iodide in the presence of tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) and tri(o-tol)phosphine. Biodistribution was investigated in rats by tissue dissection. [C-11]FTIMD metabolites were measured in brain tissues and plasma. Dynamic PET scans were acquired in rats, and the kinetic parameters estimated.
Results: [C-11]FTIMD was successfully synthesized with a suitable radioactivity for the injection. Co-injection with 0.1 mg/kg of cold FTIMD and BU224 induced Selisistat mw a significant reduction in the brain-to-blood ratio 15 and 30 mm after the injection. In metabolite analysis,
unchanged [C-11]FTIMD in the brain was high (98%) 30 min after the injection. In PET studies, high radioactivity levels were observed in regions with a high density of I2R. The radioactivity levels and V-T values in the brain regions were prominently reduced by 1.0 mg/kg of BU224 pretreatment as compared with
control.
Conclusion: [C-11]FTIMD showed specific binding to I(2)Rs in rat brains with a high density of I2R. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“Adenoviruses and polyomaviruses are two distinct DNA viral families that are excreted in high concentrations and distributed inhuman and animal populations. Targeting specific virus included in these families has proved to be a promising and useful tool for tracing specifically sources of environmental contamination. In this study, a quantitative PCR assay that is specific for bovine polyomaviruses was developed and used to determine the excretion Acetophenone level and concentration of bovine polyomaviruses in urine and environmental samples, including urban sewage, slaughterhouse sewage, and river water. A set of primers and a TaqMan probe were designed to target a 77-bp region of the bovine polyomavirus VP1 gene, and the conditions of the reaction were optimized. A detection limit was established at 1-10 genome copies per test tube. The assay was specific and produced negative results when samples containing human or porcine fecal contamination were analyzed. This is, to our knowledge, the first description of bovine polyomaviruses excreted in bovine urine samples (mean values of 10(4) GC/1).
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