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“Purpose: The intention of this study was to offer an alte

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“Purpose: The intention of this study was to offer an alternative perspective

to the quantitative findings of larger randomised controlled trials by using a phenomenological approach to explore the impact on Quality of Life (QoL) for people with brain tumours of entering a research selleck chemicals llc trial involving new anti-cancer agents.

Method: Given the subjective nature of the proposed topic, a phenomenological approach was adopted. Sample size was limited to five participants. A semi-structured interview technique was used. Interviews were digitally audio recorded with permission from those involved. In order to guide data analysis for this study, Colaizzi’s framework was utilised.

Results: As a result of data analysis, two major themes were identified. These were ‘Hope and optimism’ and ‘The therapeutic relationship’. Three minor themes were also found. These were ‘A complex symptom profile’, ‘The importance of non-medical coping strategies’ and ‘Impressions of the QoL tools used’.

Conclusions: This phenomenological study has highlighted key themes relating to QoL which are not addressed in some of the widely used assessment tools such

as the EORTC selleck compound QLQ C30 and BN20. They generally focus on health status, and do not capture issues identified in this study as being of significant importance to the QoL of participants such as hope and optimism, and the importance of the therapeutic relationship. They also omit reference to coping and management strategies. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Most cases of pneumomediastinum XMU-MP-1 Stem Cells & Wnt inhibitor are caused by iatrogenic injury during surgery on the cervical region and chest or by tracheostomy. It is also well known that emphysema may occur secondary to

dental treatment using an air turbine drill, but there have been few cases of emphysema extending to involve the mediastinum. Presented is a rare case in which subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum developed asymptomatically, probably due to extraction of a mandibular third molar, and were found incidentally on the day after the dental procedure. To avoid subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum associated with dental treatment and surgical intraoral procedures such as tooth extraction, air turbine drills should be used only when it is essential, (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009; 107: e33-e38)”
“In coating operations with poly(vinyl chloride) plastisol, there is a high shear limit because the flow becomes unstable. However, there is an indication that the flow becomes stable at superhigh shear rates well past the unstable region. This article explores the effect of the particle size (with a similar size distribution spread) and the effect of the amount of the emulsifier on the flow at superhigh shear rates. It has been known that below the flow instability, larger particles lead to a lower viscosity, and an increased amount of the emulsifier leads to a higher viscosity.

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