The anodic current peaks corresponding to AgO formation increased progressively linearly with urea concentration. Also, the two cathodic current peaks cell assay recorded at about 0 and 0.2 V vs. SCE increased with urea concentrations but the current within this potential http://www.selleckchem.com/products/epz-5676.html range was not considered due to the fact it was not stable in the absence of urea (see Figure 2). A very unexpected and unusual oxidation peak occurred immediately after the reduction of AgO to Ag2O on backward scanning in cathodic sense, which increased also linearly with urea concentration.Figure 4.Cyclic voltammograms of EG-Ag-Z-Epoxy composite electrode in 0.1 M NaOH supporting electrolyte (1) and Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries in the presence of different urea concentrations: 2-0.1 mM; 3-0.2 mM; 4-0.3 mM; 5-0.
4 mM; 6-0.6 mM; 7-0.
8 mM; 8
Ascorbic acid (AA, vitamin C) is an important water-soluble substance present in many biological fluids, Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries fruit juices, pharmaceuticals, soft drinks, vegetables, etc. AA is also Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries added to foodstuffs Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries as an antioxidant for stabilization of color and aroma, as well as for prolonging the life of commercial products [1]. AA can also be used as free-radical scavenger, important in the treatment of cancer and Parkinson’s disease. The accurate determination of AA concentrations is thus essential for food quality and health Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries care. Fort this reason many analytical procedures, for example, indirect spectrometry, solid-phase iodine method and liquid chromatography, have been proposed for AA detection at many different concentration levels in food, drugs and plants [2-5].
AA is electroactive and can Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries be oxidized at positive potentials.
However the kinetics of the oxidation are ��sluggish�� Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries and the oxidation products tend to lead to electrode fouling [6]. Therefore, modified electrode systems have been investigated for the Cilengitide selective determination of AA both at acidic and neutral pHs [7]. The electrooxidation of AA has been investigated on various modified electrodes, such as polypyrrole [6, 8-12], polyaniline [13-16], etc. and the resulting electrodes have been used for the determination of AA, but it is often difficult to compare results obtained in separate Entinostat studies to the scarce information concerning some characteristics of the conducting polymer layers such as redox charge (or thickness) of the polymer coating [17].
A review on electrochemical analysis of AA using conducting polymer modified electrodes has been published [18].
Conducting polymers can be used as solid-contact electrodes. selleck Sorafenib This type of sensors, by eliminating the internal filling solution, provide Nutlin-3a purchase new advantages, for instance, good mechanical stability, simplicity and possibility of miniaturization. Polypyrrole has received the most attention owing to its convenience of preparation, high stability and wide range of applications.
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