The column used was a LiChroCART 125-4/LiChrosorb RP-18 (5μm) (Darmstadt, Germany). The mobile phase was 80% water/20% methanol flowed at a rate of 1mL/min. The GA retention time was approximately 3.3min. The area under curve was used to calculate the concentration of GA using external standards that showed linearity over a concentration range from 0.25 to 100μg/mL. Four textiles treated Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical with the formulation without GA were studied as blank samples. This experimental methodology prevented any compound from possibly
interfering with the analysis of the target substance. The analytical methodology was fully validated. 2.6. Data Treatment Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine significant differences between percutaneous absorption values obtained from different samples (significant level accepted *P < 0.01) using the Statgraphics program. 3. Results Two textiles, CO and PA, were chosen to compare the Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical roles of two vehicles, two phospholipid structures (Lip and MM) composed of the same phospholipids but with a surfactant in the case of MM. Both vehicles were applied by bath exhaustion, as it was explained in Section 2 to study the absorption and desorption of GA. The Lip formulation was prepared by thin-film hydration method,
as described in Section 2, with 4% phospholipids (PC) and 2% GA in water. Polydisperse vesicle suspensions (0.7PdI) Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical with especially large multilamellar vesicles (MLV 700nm) were formed [22]. Vesicles of this type may contain, on average, up to 10 bilayers Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical [23]. The multilamellar structure allows for high encapsulation efficiency for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances, which can be localised not only in the central core of the vesicle but also in the aqueous interlamellar spaces or in the multiple lamellar
spaces [24]. To quantify the GA entrapped in the vesicles, the Lip formulation was precipitated and separated from the supernatant by centrifugation. The amount of GA in the initial Lip solution Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical and in the supernatant and the difference between them were evaluated as described in Section 2, yielding a fairly high entrapment efficacy of 31.9 ± 9.6%. In MM, the two FK228 constituent PC and the surfactant agent are structured together in small micelles, giving rise to a transparent solution. However, the dilution of MM promotes the separation of the surfactant and the PC with the why formation of liposomes. This results in a large increase in size, giving rise to a turbid solution [7]. The absorption of micelles by textiles could be maintained after washing because of the expected increase in the size of the vehicles inside the textile fibres, which could enhance the fixation of the micelles in textiles with less desorption, as occurs in the skin [25, 26]. The variation in the vehicle sizes with dilution for the two formulations is presented in Table 1.
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