The publisher apologizes for CDK inhibitor drugs this error on behalf of the typesetter. The corrected Table 1 appears here. Table 1. Medline RCT search strategy from INTERTASC with key search terms 11/06/13. “
“Type 2 diabetes mellitus (diabetes) is a nationwide epidemic, affecting more than 8% of the adult United States population (Li et al., 2012). Diabetes can lead to a host of serious health complications, including heart disease, blindness, and kidney disease (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011b).
It is estimated to have cost the United States health care system $245 billion in 2012 (American Diabetes Association, 2013a). The primary risk factors for type 2 diabetes include overweight/obesity, older age, family history, physical inactivity and black, Hispanic, and Asian race/ethnicity (American Diabetes Association, 2013b). In addition to these well-established risk factors, psychological stress may lead to an increased susceptibility to diabetes. Numerous studies of trauma-exposed populations have found an association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and diabetes (Agyemang et al., 2012, Armenian et al., 1998, Boyko
et al., 2010, Dedert et al., 2010, Goodwin and Davidson, 2005, Lukaschek et al., 2013, Pietrzak et al., 2011 and Trief et al., 2006). A study of asylum seekers in the Netherlands found that those with PTSD were more likely to have been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (Agyemang et al., 2012). Selleck HDAC inhibitor The National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions observed
an increased risk of diabetes in those with PTSD, although this relationship was attenuated when adjusting for number of lifetime traumatic events (Pietrzak et al., 2011). Most of these studies have been cross-sectional, and thus have not firmly established a temporal relationship between PTSD and diabetes. However, the Millennium Cohort Study of US military service members, one of the few longitudinal analyses of this relationship, found twofold increased odds of incident diabetes among those with PTSD after 3 years of follow-up (Boyko et al., 2010). The World many Trade Center (WTC) Health Registry, established in 2003, collects longitudinal information on individuals exposed to the WTC attack in 2001, providing an opportunity to examine the temporal relationship between PTSD and subsequent diabetes. As PTSD is one of the most common mental health outcomes observed in WTC-affected populations (Brackbill et al., 2009 and Farfel et al., 2008), Registry enrollees may have an increased risk of diabetes. To our knowledge, however, no studies have examined diabetes among those exposed to 9/11. In the current study, we analyzed the relationship between 9/11-related PTSD and new-onset diabetes in the WTC Health Registry’s adult population up to 11 years after the disaster.
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