Ultrasonically-treated PEN underwent degradation, leading to a decrease of its viscosity. Viscosity of LCP was unaffected by ultrasonic treatment. Because of reduced viscosity
ratio of PEN to LCP at high amplitude of ultrasonic treatment, larger LCP domains were observed in molding of the blends. LCP acted as a nucleating agent, promoting higher crystallinity in PEN/LCP blends. Ultrasonically-induced copolymer formation was detected by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry in the blends. Ultrasonic treatment of 90/10 PEN/LCP blends improved interfacial adhesion in fibers spun at intermediate draw down find more ratios (DDR), improving their ductility. The lack of improvement in the mechanical properties of fibers spun at high DDR after ultrasonic treatment was attributed to the disturbance of interfacial copolymer by high elongation stresses. (c) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 122: 354-365, 2011″
“Risk assessment is the cornerstone of contemporary management of thyroid
cancer. Following thyroid surgery, an initial risk assessment of recurrence and disease-specific mortality is made using important intra-operative findings, histologic characteristics of the tumor, molecular profile of the tumor, postoperative serum thyroglobulin and any available cross-sectional imaging studies. This initial selleck inhibitor risk assessment is used to guide recommendations regarding the need for remnant ablation, external beam irradiation, systemic therapy, degree of TSH suppression, and follow-up selleck compound disease detection strategy over the first 2 years after initial therapy.
While this initial risk stratification provides valuable information, it is a static representation of the patient in the first few weeks post-operatively
that does not change over time. Depending on how the patient responds to our initial therapies, the risk of recurrence and death may change significantly during follow-up. In order to account for differences in response to therapy in individual patients and to incorporate the impact of treatment on our initial risk estimates, we recommend a re-stratification of risk at the 2-year point of follow-up. This re-stratification provides an updated risk estimate that can be used to guide ongoing management recommendations including the frequency and intensity of follow-up, degree of ongoing TSH suppression, and need for additional therapies. Ongoing management recommendations must be tailored to realistic, evolving risk estimates that are actively updated during follow-up. By individualizing therapy on the basis of initial and ongoing risk assessments, we can maximize the beneficial effects of aggressive therapy in patients with thyroid cancer who are likely to benefit from it, while minimizing potential complications and side effects in low-risk patients destined to have a full healthy and productive life after minimal therapeutic intervention. (C) 2010 The Royal College of Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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