Mean values were compared using the student-T test. Survival curves were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and tested for significance using the log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate relative risks were calculated using Cox proportional hazards
regression. Statistical analyses were performed using NCSS software. All tests were two-tailed, and p < 0.05 was considered to selleck inhibitor be significant. Results Expression levels of p53 ranged from 0% to 70% of immunostained nuclei with a mean expression value of 11% (median = 5%) (Selleck WZB117 Figure 1 and 2). Using this mean value as cut-off to distinguish high and low expressing tumors, staining was considered high in 11 (30.5%) out of 36 tumors in our series (similar results were obtained using as cut-off the median value). P53 expression levels were only related to disease stage with higher p53 levels in higher stage disease (p = 0.02) but lack of any significant association with HER2 status, other clinic-pathologic parameters (age, ER and PgR status, Ki67 and tumor grading) or docetaxel response (Table 2). Even comparing mean p53 expression levels between responders selleck products vs not-responders patients we did not find any significant difference (not shown) and mean TTP (8.6 ± 7.0 vs 9.2 ± 11.9 months; p = ns) and OS (21.6 ± 13.0 vs 19.8 ± 10.2 months;
p = ns) did not differ between low and high p53 groups. Morever, no significant relation with survival parameters was observed for p53 at Kaplan-Meier analysis. Figure 1 Immunohistochemical
positive staining of p53 in a representative case of high-grade (G3) ductal carcinoma. Immunostaining shows a clear and wide nuclear staining in an high grade (G3) invasive ductal carcinoma. Original magnifications: ×100 (inset ×250). Figure 2 p53 many immunohistochemical negative staining in a grade 2 ductal carcinoma. The wide majority of nuclei showed no staining with the exception of one clear positive nucleus (arrow) in the upper left corner. Original magnifications: ×100 (inset ×250). Table 2 p53 expression in relation to main tumor characteristics and treatment response p53 expression Total Low High p value Age < 55 yrs 18 13 5 n.s. ≥55 yrs 18 12 6 ER expression Negative 14 8 6 n.s. Positive 22 17 5 PgR expression Negative 13 9 4 n.s. Positive 23 16 7 Grading # G2 21 17 4 n.s. G3 15 8 7 Stage*° I-IIA 17 15 2 0.02 IIB-III 16 7 9 HER2 Negative”" 27 21 6 n.s. Positive”" 9 4 5 Ki67 Negative 22 15 7 n.s. Positive 14 10 4 Treatment response CR+PR 15 11 4 n.s. SD+PD 21 14 7 n.s. = not significant; CR = complete response; PR = partial response; SD = stable disease; PD = disease progression. # According to Elston and Ellis classification (Ref. 31). *According to UICC-TNM classification of malignant tumours, sixth edition 2002 (Ref. 30).
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