The impact of positive surgical margins was dependent on risk gro

The impact of positive surgical margins was dependent on risk group. Biochemical progression-free survival was 99.6% for the negative surgical margin group vs 94.9% for the positive surgical margin group in low risk disease (log rank p = 0.53),

93.5% for the negative surgical margin group vs 83% for the positive surgical margin group in intermediate risk disease (log-rank p < 0.001) and 78.5% for the negative surgical margin group vs 57.1% for the positive surgical margin group in high risk disease (log rank p = 0.003). These differences remained significant in a multivariate Cox regression model adjusting for other clinicopathological features.

Conclusions: Positive surgical margins are an independent predictor of biochemical progression in patients with intermediate and high risk prostate cancer. Patients with low risk disease have a favorable long-term outcome regardless of margin status and may be candidates for Citarinostat concentration expectant management even with positive surgical margins, sparing them the side effects and costs of treatment.”
“p300/CREB binding protein-associated factor (PCAF) regulates gene expression by acting through histone acetylation and as a transcription

coactivator. Although histone acetyltransferases were involved in the toxicity induced by amyloid-beta (A beta) peptides, nothing is known about PCAF. We here analyzed the sensitivity of PCAF knockout (KO) mice to the toxic effects induced by i.c.v. injection of A beta(25-35) peptide, a nontransgenic model of Alzheimer’s disease. PCAF wildtype (WT) and KO mice received A beta(25-35) (1, 3 or 9 nmol) or scrambled A beta(25-35) (9 nmol) as control. After 7 days, A beta(25-35) toxicity Etomoxir was measured in the hippocampus of WT mice by a decrease in CA1 pyramidal cells and increases in oxidative stress, endoplasmic

reticulum stress and induction of apoptosis. Memory deficits were observed using spontaneous alternation, water-maze learning GABA Receptor and passive avoidance. Non-treated PCAF KO mice showed a decrease in CA1 cells and learning alterations. However, A beta(25-35) injection failed to induce toxicity or worsen the deficits. This resistance to A beta(25-35) toxicity did not involve changes in glutamate or acetylcholine systems. Examination of enzymes involved in A beta generation or degradation revealed changes in transcription of presenilins, activity of neprilysin (NEP) and an absence of A beta(25-35)-induced regulation of NEP activity in PCAF KO mice, partly due to an altered expression of somatostatin (SRIH). We conclude that PCAF regulates the expression of proteins involved in A beta generation and degradation, thus rendering PCAF KO insensitive to amyloid toxicity. Modulating acetyltransferase activity may offer a new way to develop anti-amyloid therapies. (C) 2010 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Purpose: The American Joint Committee on Cancer currently designates invasion of the bladder neck as a pT4 lesion.

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