The Student t-test was used to compare BTCR variability and LV size and function (as assessed by 2D echocardiography) between baseline and the time that BTCR amplitude declined. All hamsters received 10 mg/kg furosemide daily. At the time of BTCR amplitude decline, functional parameters had changed significantly (P < .0001) from baseline: ejection fraction (0.31 +/- 0.09% vs. 0.52 +/- 0.08%), LV end-systolic volume (0.11 +/- 0.03 vs.
0.05 +/- 0.02 cm(3)), and LV end-diastolic volume (0.16 +/- 0.04 vs. 0.10 +/- 0.03 cm(3)).
Conclusions: In decompensated cardiomyopathic hamsters, a decline in BTCR amplitude was associated selleck with progression of heart failure and cardiac decompensation. Variation in BTCR warrants further investigation because of its potential implications for the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disorders. (J Cardiac Fail 2011;17:937-943)”
“BackgroundA major hurdle with algal biodiesel production has been the energy required to dry algal biomass prior
to lipid extraction and/or conversion. Water interferes with the extraction and/or conversion of algal lipids to biodiesel. The focus of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the in situ transesterification method for biodiesel recovery when processing algal biomass with varying amounts of moisture and to evaluate changes in efficiency as in situ transesterification reaction parameters were varied.
ResultsResults indicated that moisture content affected biodiesel recovery. Specifically, Torin 2 algal biomass moisture contents above 20% by mass led to statistically significant reductions in biodiesel recovery. However, increasing the amount of catalyst and/or methanol in the reaction resulted in higher recoveries when using wet algal biomass containing 84% moisture. Using 10% (v/v) sulfuric acid in methanol with the wet biomass to solution
ratio of 25 mg (dry mass equivalent) mL(-1) resulted in the recovery of approximately 81% of the maximum biodiesel yield.
ConclusionThis click here study showed that the presence of moisture at greater than 20% by mass in algal biomass significantly decreased biodiesel recovery when using in situ transesterification. Increasing the amount of methanol and/or catalyst in the reaction improved biodiesel recovery from wet algal biomass. (c) 2013 Society of Chemical Industry”
“Based on the resistively shunted junction dynamics, we numerically investigate the superconducting phase transitions of two-dimensional Josephson junction arrays exposed to a dilute external field with the magnetic flux density f = 1/25. Dynamic scaling analysis of current-voltage characteristics shows that a Kosterlitz-Thouless-Berezinskii (KTB) phase transition occurs at a finite temperature in the absence of disorder.
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