There remains, therefore, a need for evidence-based treatment to inform both military and civilian medical response teams on the most appropriate treatment for chemically induced lung injury. This article reviews data used to derive potential clinical management strategies for chemically induced lung injury.”
“Background: Mutations in the gene Birinapant Apoptosis inhibitor encoding transglutaminase 1 (TG1) are responsible for various types of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI), such as lamellar ichthyosis (LI), congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (CIE) and some minor variants of ARCI. A point mutation of R143C in the beta-sandwich domain of TG1 has been often identified in patients with LI or CIE.
Objective:
To elucidate the effect of that point mutation on skin barrier structures and functions, we generated mice with a point mutation of R142C, which corresponds to the R143C mutation in human TG1
Methods: A mouse line with the R142C point mutation in TG1 was established using a gene targeting technique and the Cre-loxP
system. The skin phenotypes were analyzed in homozygous mutant Tgm1(R142C/R142C) mice.
Results: In the skin of Tgm1(R142C/R142C) mice, expression of the mutant transcripts was comparable with wild-type or Tgm1(+/R142C) mice. However, the amount of mutated protein in the skin was markedly decreased in Tgm1(R142C/R142C) mice, and the TG1 activity of Tgm1(R142C/R142C) keratinocytes was almost lost. Tgm1(R142C/R142C) mice exhibited morphological and functional skin barrier defects LCL161 manufacturer and neonatal lethality. The stratum see more corneum of those mice lacked cornified envelopes,
and loricrin, the major structural component, failed to assemble at the corneocyte cell periphery. Tgm1(R142C/R142C) mice showed a marked increase in transepidermal water loss and their skin was easily permeable to toluidine blue dye. The intercellular lipid lamellar structures of the stratum corneum were irregular and the 13-nm periodic X-ay diffractions from the stratum corneum lipid molecules were lost in vivo.
Conclusion: From these results, we suggest that the R142C mutation of TG1 reduces the enzyme stability which is indispensable for development of the stratum corneum and skin barrier function and for postnatal survival of mice. (C) 2011 Japanese Society for Investigative Dermatology. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Purpose: To assess the outcome for patients with postradiation locally recurrent or residual cervical malignancies treated with high-dose-rate (HDR) remote afterloading brachytherapy implant. This is a prospective study. Materials and Methods: Twenty-two patients with postradiation recurrent cervical carcinomas were treated with HDR interstitial brachytherapy. All of these 22 patients had received some form of radiotherapy prior to implant placement and had biopsy-proven recurrence. Implant dose for these patients was in the range of 12-45 Gy, with a median dose of 25.80 Gy.
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