This process generates savings to the healthcare payer and to patients, but knowledge about the factors affecting price competition BMS-777607 in vitro in the pharmaceutical market following patent expiry is still limited.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the market share of generic medicines and the change of the medicine price, level in European off-patent markets.
Methods: Data on medicine volumes and values for 35 active substances were purchased from IMS Health. Ex-manufacturer prices were used, and the analysis was limited to medicines
in immediate-release, oral, solid dosage forms. Countries included were Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Germany, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and the UK, which constitute a mix of countries with low and high generic medicines market shares. Data were available from June 2002 until March 2007.
Results: Market volume has risen in both high and low generic market share countries (+29.27% and +27.40%, respectively), but the cause of the rise is different for the two Selleckchem Panobinostat markets. In low generic market share countries,
the rise was caused by the increased use of generic medicines, while in high market share countries, the rise was driven by the increased use of generic medicines and a shift of use from originator to generic medicines. Market value was substantially decreased in high generic market share countries (-26.6%), while the decrease in low generic market share countries was limited (-0.06%). In high generic market share countries, medicine prices dropped by 43.18% versus 21.56% in low market share countries.
Conclusions: The extent to which price competition from check details generic medicines leads to price reductions appears to vary according to the market share of generic medicines. High generic market share countries have seen. a larger decrease in medicine prices than low market share countries.”
“The ring-shaped styrene-butadiene rubbers (SBRs) test pieces
ran on a rotating stainless-steel ring using an abrasion tester to evaluate the changes in the mechanical properties, such as the tensile storage modulus and tan delta values, the modulus at 300% elongation, and the strength and extension ratio at the breaking point, after a mechanical aging process. The surface of the SBR test pieces and the formed rubber debris after the running experiment was investigated using scanning electron microscopy. A change in the crosslinking density of the SBRs and the analysis of the isolated free polymers showed the occurrence of bond scission of the copolymer chains. On the other hand, the mechanical properties of whole SBR samples showed only a small change during the mechanical aging test. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 120: 379-389, 2011″
“Designing quality into dosage forms should not be only based on qualitative or purely heuristic relations. A knowledge space must be generated, in which at least some mechanistic understanding is included.
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