When infants received lower quality maternal caregiving, temperamental fear was inversely related to observed social engagement and aggression. These relations were nonsignificant when infants received
higher quality maternal caregiving. Findings indicate that variations in temperamental fear may predict individual differences in future peer mTOR inhibitor interactions, but sensitive, nonintrusive caregiving behaviors can attenuate these associations. “
“Since the time of the Greeks, philosophers and scientists have wondered about the origins of structure and function. Plato proposed that the origins of structure and function lie in the organism’s nature whereas Aristotle proposed that they lie in its nurture. This nature–nurture dichotomy and the emphasis on the origins question has had a powerful effect on our thinking about development right into modern times. Despite this, empirical selleck findings from various branches of developmental science have made a compelling case that the nature–nurture dichotomy is biologically implausible and, thus, that a search for developmental origins must be replaced
by research into developmental processes. This change in focus recognizes that development is an immensely complex, dynamic, embedded, interdependent, and probabilistic process and, therefore, renders simplistic questions such as whether a particular behavioral capacity is innate or acquired scientifically uninteresting. “
“The study of dyadic interaction plays a major role in infancy research. To advance conceptually informed measurement of dyadic interaction and integration across studies, we examined factor structure of individual parents’ and infants’ measures and dyadic measures from face-to-face interactions in two samples of 6-month-old infants and their parents: mothers from a demographically heterogeneous sample (N = 164), and mothers and fathers (N = 156) from a Caucasian middle-class sample. Results suggested that a) individual and dyadic
measures, and parents’ and infants’ behaviors contribute independent information, b) measures of both valence and process are Montelukast Sodium needed, c) there are context-general and context-specific qualities, and d) structure of dyadic interaction is more similar among mother–infant dyads from independent samples than between mother–infant and father–infant dyads within the same sample. Future research should use multiple measures incorporating valence, temporal processes, contextual influences, and behaviors of individual partners along with dyadic measures to adequately assess the quality of dyadic interaction. “
“Recent research demonstrated that although 24-month-old infants do well on the initial pairing of a novel word and novel object in fast-mapping tasks, they are unable to retain the mapping after a 5 min delay.
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