After the growth, the furnace was switched off and left to cool down naturally to room temperature. Samples were then removed from the growth chamber and characterized. Details of experimental parameters and the resulting nanomorphologies are summarized in Table 1, while Au nanoparticle density and mean
buy ATM Kinase Inhibitor radius are presented in Table 2. Table 1 Growth parameters for various ZnO nanostructures S. No m source, ZnO/C (ratio) Au thickness (nm) Temperature of growth (°C) Ar flow (sccm) Time of growth (min) Resulting morphology 1 1:1 6 850 700 90 High-density nanowires 2 1:1 12 850 700 10 Low-density nanowires 3 1:1 6 850 700 10 High-density nanowires 3 1:1 6 900 700 90 Nanowire-nanowall hybrid 4 1:1 6 900 700 180 Nanowall 5 1:1 12 900 700 90 Selleck Gilteritinib Nanowire-Zn cluster drift hybrid 6 1:1 12 900 700 180 Nanowire-nanofin hybrid Table 2 Density and mean radius of Au nanoparticles and ZnO NWs Au layer thickness (nm) Density (/μm 2) Mean radius (nm) Temperature of annealing/growth (°C) Au nanoparticle 12 ± 1.5 5 ± 1 69 ± 31 800 5 ± 1 151 ± 71 700 5 ± 1 207 ± 114 600 6 ± 1 125 ± 10 21 ± 7 800 125 ± 10 25 ± 10 700 125 ± 10 28 ± 12 600 ZnO nanowire 12 5 ± 1 42 ± 15 850 6 70 ± 10 35 ± 15 850 Results of the growths have been characterized in three different equipments. First, a dual beam FEI Strata
400 (FEI, Hillsboro, OR, USA), a VX-765 research buy focused ion beam (FIB) coupled to a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) system, has been used. It is equipped with a flip stage, a scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) detector, and an energy-dispersive
X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) for sample transfer, observation, and elemental Temsirolimus cell line composition characterization, accordingly. Additionally, NW and NWL lamellas have been prepared using the FIB mode and then characterized in STEM mode, but also in a second equipment: a high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) using a JEOL 2100 F (JEOL Ltd., Akishima-shi, Japan) operating at an accelerating voltage of 200 kV. Finally, the ZnO nanostructure crystallinity was studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) with CuKα 1 radiation on the high resolution parallel beam diffractometer Bruker D8 discover (Bruker AXS, Inc., Madison, WI, USA). The scans were performed in the 2θ range from 25° to 85° at a scanning rate of 0.01° s-1. Results and discussion It has been shown, in the literature, that the starting Au seed layer thickness can significantly influence the final outcome of the nanostructures [10, 12, 15]. The nanostructures, in this work, have been grown on Au-coated hexagonal SiC surfaces. During the temperature ramp, from approximately 400°C, the Au film is found to efficiently transform into islands of Au droplets. In addition to this, the clusterization of the Au layer is expected to follow the ripening process during the early stages of synthesis. As discussed by Ruffino et al.
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