PCR of soil The reaction mixture of the primary PCR consisted of 1 μl of DNA extract in a total volume of 50 μl with 5 μl 10 × PCR buffer (10 mM Tris (pH 9.0), 500 mM KCl), 1 μl 10 mM dNTPs, 2.5 μl 50 mM MgCl2, 1 μl of each primer (RFA12/P2; 10 pmol/μl), 0.5 μl 10 mg/μl Adriamycin ic50 BSA, 0.5 μl 100% formamide, 0.5 μl of 5 U AmpliTaq DNA polymerase and 37 μl MilliQ water. The reaction cycles included an initial denaturation step at 94°C for 5 min, 35 cycles at 94°C for 45 s, 55°C for 1 min 30 s, and
72°C for 2 min, followed by a single terminal extension at 72°C for 3 min. Semi-nested PCR from soil The reaction mixture of the primary round PCR (RFA12/RFA13) consisted of 1 μl of DNA extract in a total volume of 50 μl with 5 μl 10 × PCR buffer (10 mM Tris (pH 9.0), 500 mM KCl), 1 μl 10 mM dNTPs, 2.5 μl 50 mM MgCl2, 1 μl of each primer (10 pmol/μl), 0.5 μl 10 mg/μl BSA, 0.5 μl 100% formamide, 0.5 μl of 5 U AmpliTaq DNA polymerase and 37 μl MilliQ. The reaction cycles included an initial denaturation step at 94°C for 5 min, 25 cycles of 94°C for 45 s, 55°C for 1 min 30 s, and 72°C for 2 min,
Selleckchem AZD3965 and a single terminal extension at 72°C for 3 min. Reaction mixtures of 2° PCR round was identical, except by primers and that 1 μl of the first reaction was added as template to the second reaction. Reaction mixtures with second primer set (RFA12/P2) were thermally cycled once at 94°C for 5 min, 35 times at 94°C for 45 s, 55°C for 1 min 30 s, and 72°C for 2 min, and a single terminal extension at 72°C for 3 min. A negative control Guanylate cyclase 2C without DNA was included in all amplifications. Evaluation of sensitivity of the semi-nested PCR The
sensitivity of the semi-nested PCR method was determined with primers specific for C. immitis (RFA12/RFA13 and RFA12/P2) using DNA of a C. posadasii isolate, either pure (without dilution) or diluted by 10-2, 10-3 and 10-4 in water free of DNAse and RNAse. Next, 0.5 μl of negative soil DNA (soil from an area without coccidioidomycosis) was added to 0.5 μl of each pure and diluted DNA sample in triplicate. All products obtained by direct PCR and semi-nested PCR were subjected to electrophoresis in a 1.2% agarose gel with 1 × TBE buffer (89 mM Tris-borate, 2.5 mM EDTA [pH 8.0]) for 2 h, and a 1 Kb DNA Ladder (Promega) Emricasan molecular weight served as molecular marker. The gel was then stained for 15 min with 0.5 μg ml-1 ethidium bromide and observed under short-wavelength ultraviolet light. The image was captured by an IMAGO system. Results Animal inoculation C. posadasii was isolated by intraperitoneal inoculation into mice, from 6 (25%) out of the 24 soil samples studied: 3 out of 10 (30%) from Elesbão Veloso and 3 out of 14 (21.4%) from Caridade do Piauí.
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the following indicators of forest soil qual - The three soil subsamples collected at 0–10 cm depth at each site