014, p = 0.007, respectively).
Conclusion: This is the first report of PfEMP1-DBL alpha analysis in clinical Thai isolates using semi-conserved features (cys/PoLV and PSPBs). The cys/PoLV group 5 gave the highest rosetting rate. PfEMP1-DBL
alpha domains in Thai isolates are highly diverse, however, clinical isolates from severe and uncomplicated malaria Duvelisib cell line shared common sequences.”
“The aim of this work was to study the effect of functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (f-SWCNTs) on the microstructure of PP-g-MA/organic modified montmorillonite (OMMT)/f-SWCNTs ternary, nanocomposite. Pristine SWCNTs were chemically modified by maleic anhydride to improve,e the interaction between PP-g-MA and nanotubes. The dispersion states of OMMT in the different nanocomposites were investigated by wide angle X-ray diffraction. CBL0137 chemical structure The morphologies scanning of the nanocomposites were characterized by electron microscopy. Crystallization behaviors of nanocomposites were studied through differential scanning calorimetry and polarizing optical microscopy. Different than the PP-g-MA/OMMT binary nanocomposite, in which the OMMT is mainly in all exfoliated state, the ternary PP-g-MA/OMMT/f-SWCNTs nanocomposite exhibits mostly intercalated OMMT. Furthermore, in the ternary nanocomposite, the crystallization
of polymer is mainly induced by f-SWCNTs rather than by OMMT. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc, J Appl Polym in Sci 112: 2413-2424, 2009″
“Background: Antibodies are the main effector molecules in the defense against blood stages selleck kinase inhibitor of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Understanding the mechanisms by which vaccine-induced anti-blood stage antibodies work in protecting against malaria is essential for vaccine design and testing.
Methods:
The effects of MSP-1p42-specific antibodies on the development of blood stage parasites were studied using microscopy, flow cytometry and the pLDH assay. To determine allele-specific effects, if present, allele-specific antibodies and the various parasite clones representative of these alleles of MSP-1 were employed.
Results: The mode of action of anti-MSP-1p42 antibodies differs among the parasite clones tested: anti-MSP-1p42 sera act mainly through invasion-inhibitory mechanisms against FVO parasites, by either preventing schizonts from rupturing or agglutinating merozoites upon their release. The same antibodies do not prevent the rupture of 3D7 schizonts; instead they agglutinate merozoites and arrest the development of young parasites at the early trophozoite stage, thus acting through both invasion- and growth inhibitory mechanisms. The second key finding is that antibodies have access to the intra-erythrocytic parasite, as evidenced by the labeling of developing merozoites with fluorochrome-conjugated anti-MSP-1p42 antibodies.
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